What is the function of lighteners?

• A. To add pigment
• B. To remove or diffuse natural pigment from the hair
• C. To seal the cuticle
• D. To increase moisture retention

Answer: (B)

Lighteners are used to remove or diffuse pigment in the hair. They work by oxidizing melanin in the cortex, breaking down pigment molecules so the hair lightens to a lighter shade. This is why they’re chosen when you want to lift color or create a lighter base for a new tone. They do not deposit pigment, so they won’t add color. They also don’t seal the cuticle, and they aren’t meant to improve moisture retention. In short, their job is to lift color by removing or diffusing natural pigment.